According to a survey, less than a third of French say they are willing to buy the French public debt. And you, would you be willing to lend to the state? Do you have confidence in his ability to repay? It goes from 8.86 to 9 euros gross time to reach 1,365 euros for 35 hours, or about 1,073 euros net per month.

Less than a third of French say they probably or definitely willing to buy the French public debt if they were given the opportunity, according to a Harris poll for the site information and the agency Jolpress Image & Strategy to be published Tuesday in the Tribune . Only 6% of French people would buy "certainly" the debt of the country at rates comparable to those charged by banks, and 24% would buy "probably" of such bonds, said the survey.

Conversely, 65% of French people would not buy "definitely not" (34%) or "probably not" (31%) of French debt. Two countries, Italy and Belgium have recently suggested to individuals to buy government bonds, and these operations have been successful. The "day Treasury bills", during which the Italians were called Monday to buy the debt of the country, met a great success, while in Belgium, the government launched Thursday a government bond which has was well received by individuals.

In addition, a majority (56%) of the French believed that the acquisition by the European Central Bank (ECB), a significant portion of the debts of the states of the euro area would reduce speculation in debt. But 56% believe that it would deter states to make real efforts to reduce their deficits and 53% that it could foster inflation.

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France and Germany step up their thoughts on a radical redefinition of the euro zone to force an economic, fiscal and tax in the short term and without necessarily the case of a slow and tedious review of the European treaties.

Paris and Berlin have agreed this week to propose by December 9 – when the next European summit – an ambitious reform of the Lisbon Treaty, but behind the scenes, preparations are being made around the tool more flexible and easily activated, as an intergovernmental treaty outside the community or a bilateral Franco-German if members of the euro area do not follow.

The second is to adopt a purely bilateral approach by including in the ongoing revision of the Franco-German Elysée in 1963 a high degree of harmonization in fiscal and social law.

The advantage of this approach is twofold for France and Germany. First, it allows to circumvent the unanimity required for a revision in formal treaties.

On the other hand, it places the responsibility to recalcitrant countries. This is particularly true of Great Britain who wanted to use the exercise to repatriate a number of powers to London.

CRISIS PLAN

Officially, the goal of Berlin is to obtain a limited revision of Article 126 of the Treaty of Lisbon on the Stability and Growth Pact.

Zodiac Aerospace announced Tuesday the results slightly exceeded expectations in 2010-2011 thanks to the growth of the aerospace market and said it expected further improvement in profitability and activity for the current year.

The aerospace equipment anticipates organic growth of 20% of its turnover for the first quarter (September-November) and in the longer term, expects to exceed its growth target of 40% of its turnover on three years, excluding the impact of foreign exchange.

Zodiac has emerged on the fiscal year ended in late August an operating margin of 14.0% – it was a rate higher than 13% – against 11.2% in 2009-2010, with an operating profit of 385.7 million, an increase of 60.4%.

The number of jobs created was below expectations in the United States in October but the unemployment rate fell to 9.0%, a low of six months, and the upward revision to job creation August and September suggests that the labor market found strength.

The number of jobs created was 80,000 last month, while economists predicted 95,000. But the months of September and August, that number was revised up and give 102,000 more jobs than previously announced.

The unemployment rate fell to 9.0% against 9.1% in September.

The private sector added 104,000 jobs in October, while the public sector lost 24,000.

Rescue of the euro: the bites of discord

Despite claims of a "perfect match" between Paris and Berlin to save the euro area, Germany is seeking to impose its measures to France. But Paris is fighting back. Anthology of statements that illustrate these differences. German Chancellor Angela Merkel and French President Nicolas Sarkozy during a press conference at the Elysee Palace August 16, 2011.

"The French do not move one iota"

Paris and Berlin on the same wavelength? There is something highly doubtful. Despite Thursday about the German Finance Minister Wolfgang Schäuble has mentioned a "total agreement" between France and Germany before the European summit Sunday, the two capitals still cling. This is particularly the disagreement on scenarios for ending the crisis of the euro which caused the postponement of a final decision next Wednesday, not Sunday as planned.Angela Merkel even declared Thursday in a small group that "the French do not move one iota" on their positions, according to remarks reported by the German daily Bild.

"Give a banking license in EFSF is out of question for us"

The disagreement most marked between the two capitals is on maximizing the European Financial Stability Fund (EFSF). Paris wants to give it a banking license to enable it to obtain financing from the European Central Bank (ECB) and have a borrowing capacity multiplied. Out of the question for Germany. The Vice-Chancellor of Germany Philipp Rösler was repeated Friday, "in no circumstances do we want a banking license is given to the EFSF. Want that our colleagues, friends and partners in France. But it's out the question for us as government and the coalition (government) as a whole. "The ECB also refuses, his chief economist Juergen Stark said on Thursday that "we can not meet the expectations of the governments (…) the fact that the ECB to do more."

"France continues to defend it, there are big discussions"

The EFSF, negotiations are still bitter between the two diplomats, and Paris does not admit defeat. According to a European diplomat, "France continues to defend it, there are big discussions." Paris as the ECB would continue to purchase securities of distressed states like Greece, Italy, and Spain. The institution has made since May 2010 out of its mandate to do so, and avoid contagion of a debt crisis in these countries. Belgium is already favorable.But the ECB refuses to continue this policy firmly and waits for the EFSF take the baton, according to the diplomat.

"From the beginning, Merkel dictate the tempo and impose its income erroneous"

If France does not want to compromise on its position is that it has followed much the German proposals in recent weeks on two main points: a strong restructuring of the Greek debt and bank recapitalization. It has long been opposed, but finally solved it, especially to preserve the unity of France and Germany. "From the beginning, Merkel dictate the tempo and impose its income erroneous," a European diplomat plague.France seemed to have resigned to claim the "banking license" to EFSF, it is now ready to attempt the showdown with Berlin.

"The impact is disastrous outside"

To stem the crisis, Berlin wants to use the EFSF as insurance against the default of the countries in difficulty. It would guarantee 20 to 30% of the securities issued by states. But on this subject the French are not the only ones to show their reluctance. Rome and Madrid are also in disagreement according to a source cited by Les Echos. According to Italy and Spain it will create a rate difference between bonds and debentures. "No one in a financial crisis, venture to purchase securities that need a crutch," the official said.The prospect of a consensus is difficult to foresee, and Europe the world illustrated by his disagreements according to the chairman of the Eurogroup, Jean-Claude Juncker. "The impact on the outside was a mess," he said. "We'll have to agree soon on how we can improve the look of others on us."

The situation in Greece "has not changed since July"

One of the major issues for the future of Europe is its ability to prevent financial excesses of fragile states in the euro area. In Germany, it would tighten controls on the reforms implemented by the countries supported by the troika (EU, ECB, IMF), today Greece, Portugal and Ireland. For this troika responsible for evaluating on a quarterly basis the progress of reforms, not enough according to a source close to the German government.The situation in Greece "has not changed since July," said the source. "The troika system which advises us every three months because too much stress, we need a much more permanent support, which allows to adapt much more quickly" assistive devices.

"There is no real problem with the Chancellor, there is a problem with the German coalition"

According to a French official quoted on the blog of Libération journalist Jean Quatremer, the real obstacles between France and Germany would rather a problem of "German-German". "There are no real problems with the Chancellor, there is a problem with the German coalition," said the official, who stressed that the Finance Minister Wolfgang Schäuble diverges including its chancellor on the level of discount to be imposed on creditors private on Greek debt.What foreshadow muscular discussions before the EU summit on Sunday.

Cigarette prices increased by 6%

Cigarette packs will cost on average 30 cents more starting Monday. This should bring 600 million euros to the state in one year.

Cigarette packs will cost on average 30 cents more starting Monday in France, a 6% increase sought by the government should have little effect on consumption, but that will bring 600 million euros a year in State to Safely smokers will find it in a package less than 5.70 euros in their tobacconist. For the first time, the Marlboro (the best-selling package with nearly 25% market share) will pass the bar 6 euros to 6.20 euros.The government has allowed manufacturers to revise their prices, anticipating an increase in minimums of perception which must be passed by Parliament in the law on financing of Social Security.

This increase was announced by Prime Minister Francois Fillon, in late August, when presenting the plan anti-government deficit. It should bring 90 million euros this year and 600 million in a full year.

Taxes are 80% of the price of a pack of cigarettes. Most (over 10 billion euros in 2010) goes into the coffers of the social security system. Fillon also announced a further increase of 6% in 2012, without specifying the date. This is the third consecutive year that the cigarettes in the fall recorded such an increase (30 cents per pack), well above inflation.However, sales have never declined so far in the same proportions.

54.8 billion cigarettes sold in 2010

Thus, it has sold 54.79 billion cigarettes in 2010 against 54.98 in 2009, a mere drop of 0.3%. At the same time, the amount of rolling tobacco rose from 7257 to 7598 tonnes (+4.7%). In total, sales of tobacco (including cigars) increased by 0.14% by volume, according to figures from the observatory of drugs (OFDT). Again this year, cigarette sales in late July had declined by only 0.6% in volume compared to 2010.

Value, because of previous price increases, the market is increasing by about 5%. Growth shared by the state (almost 13 billion euros in 2010, including 2.5 under the VAT), tobacconists (8.2%) and manufacturers and distributors (11.8%). The anti-smoking groups believe that any increase less than 10% has no effect on consumption.The Office of Tobacco Prevention (OFT) ironically on Monday up seeing an "application" of the state "to the tobacco industry for agreeing to increase by more than 100 million profit."

Tobacconists and manufacturers recall their part that a sharp increase has an effect on sales in tobacco shops, without lowering consumption, since it encourages smokers to buy abroad or from resellers on the sly. A study of Customs estimates that 20% of cigarettes smoked in France are not purchased in the network of tobacconists, but fraud (5%) or legally (15%) in the neighboring European countries (Belgium and Spain) where the package is sell up to 30% cheaper.

These purchases, which exploded after the sharp increases in tobacco prices in 2003/2004, affecting particularly border trade, result in financial compensation from the state to tobacconists.A parliamentary report issued in early October to the Minister of Budget, recommends "a convergence of prices of tobacco in France and in neighboring states," but also "to reflect on the taxation of rolling tobacco" for "contrecarrrer the substitution effect for each increase in the price of cigarettes. "

S & P lowers rating of ten Spanish banks

Standard & Poor's Tuesday lowered a notch credit rating of ten Spanish banks, including the two main countries, highlighting the darkening economic prospects and a housing market still depressed.

The prospect of all banks rated by the agency is now negative, which means that further declines are possible notes.

Among the downgraded banks Santander and BBVA are the main institutions of the country.

For Banco Santander, the rating drops to AA-, against AA with a negative outlook. Similarly, for Banco Bilbao Vizcaya Argentaria, the note back from AA to AA-.The new perspective is also negative.

S & P also revised the rating outlook of four banks, reducing it from stable to negative, and placed the bank under review with negative implications.

Greece rules out new austerity measures

Athens does not need to take further austerity measures "provided that the measures already announced apply," said the Greek Minister of Finance Evangelos Venizelos. Greek Finance Minister Evangelos Venizelos

Greece does not need to take "further steps" rigor, "provided that the measures already announced apply," said Tuesday the Greek Minister of Finance after the meeting of the euro area in Luxembourg that asked for additional savings in the country. "New measures are not necessary provided that the measures already announced are applicable," Venizelos said in a press conference on his return from the meeting.

"The steps already taken were considered impressive and they have changed the climate," he added.The euro area called Monday night to further economies of Greece and further privatizations expected to fill the holes in its budget for the years 2013 and 2014 and postponed to early November a decision on the payment of a loan critical to the country originally due on October 13.

"We call on Greece to take additional measures" in terms of savings for 2013 and 2014, thus going beyond those that have just been announced for this year and next, said the head of Luxembourg leading finance ministers of the euro zone, Jean-Claude Juncker, at the end of the meeting of the Eurogroup.Locally, according to Greek media, the troika of donor country (European Union, European Central Bank and International Monetary Fund) currently conducting an audit in Athens on the Greek accounts, called on Monday the Minister of Employment to revise the collective agreements in the private sector to lower the minimum wage, currently set at 750 euros.

Net state television reported Monday night that even the Greek Prime Minister George Papandreou, would have opposed that request. "We support the workers and we protect it in accordance with collective agreements (…), we will not turn into India," he would have said, quoted by the Net.

Nearly 200 protesters Front communist union Pame occupied the Minister of Employment in Athens on Tuesday morning to protest against this new application of the troika which "threatens the rights and gains of workers," according to a statement from the Pame.

GDF Suez to Eni sells a share in the fields in the North Sea

GDF Suez said on Wednesday an agreement with Eni to sell to the Italian group's 10.4% indirect interest in the gas fields of Elgin-Franklin in the UK North Sea for 590 million euros.

This is part of its program to sell 10 billion euros, said the French energy company in a statement.

Participation in question is owned through the company EFOG, a joint venture between GDF Suez (22.5%) and Total (77.5%), which itself holds 46.2% of Elgin-Franklin field.In 2010, these assets accounted for 5.5 million barrels of oil equivalent in natural gas production and hydrocarbon GDF Suez.

The transaction is expected to close by the end of 2011, said the French group.

Around 9:30, the action GDF Suez was almost unchanged at 22.52 euros while the CAC 40 gave 0.29%.

Increase in the morale of U.S. households

The index of U.S. consumer sentiment rose in September but the Americans have no faith in the future, the sub-index measuring expectations being at their lowest since 1980.

Index Thomson Reuters / University of Michigan on Friday stood at 57.8 (provisional figure) in September against 55.7 in August. The index in August was the lowest since November 2008. The consensus of economists polled by Reuters gave 56.5.

The expectations sub-index fell to 47.0 against 47.4, the lowest since May 1980.The outlook 12 months decreased to 38 against 40, the lowest since February 2009.

The sub-index of current conditions rose to 74.5 against 68.7 (consensus 68.0).

The sub-index of inflation expectations one year falls to 3.7% against 3.5% and at 5 to 10 years at 3.0% against 2.9%.