Wall Street ended up 1.23%, boosted by employment

Wall Street closed sharply higher Friday, boosted by the employment statistics, which in particular led the Nasdaq Composite to register a peak of 11.

The Dow Jones for his part tu a high of four years, while a large number of stocks from the peaks have registered a year.

The Dow Jones took 156.82 points (1.23%) to 12,862.23 points. The S & P 500 gained 19.36 points (1.46%) to 1,344.90 points. The Nasdaq Composite Index gained 45.98 points (1.61%) to 2,905.66 points. On the whole week, the Dow gained 1.6%, the S & P 500 2.2% and Nasdaq 3.2%.

The S & P 600 small caps for his part closed Friday's session at a record high of 463.56 points, representing a gain of 2.14%.

The upturn in the U.S. employment continued in January, with the highest rate of job creation observed in nine months, and the unemployment rate fell to , its lowest level in nearly three years, reflecting the impact of growth in the fourth quarter of 2011 at the beginning of new year.

Other statistics published in the day, the industrial orders and the ISM services. Orders to U.S. industry rose for the second consecutive month in December, driven by increased business investment.

The growth rate of services sector in the United States has clearly accelerated in January, while economists had estimated that it would evolve in the same tempo as December , according to figures released Friday by the Institute of Supply Management (ISM).

"This is confirmation of a slow but significant statistics US", says Stephen Wood (Russell Investments), noting that risks remain, however, as the debt crisis in Europe.

The financial sector gained 2.68% and 1.71% of industrial

Values, and therefore against the trend, Estee Lauder loses 2.33%. The American cosmetics group, citing adverse currency effects and increased its advertising spending, announced quarterly forecasts well below expectations.

More than halfway through the "season" results, 60% of the S & P 500 have reported results above consensus, according to Thomson Reuters I / B / E / S.

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Renault said Wednesday it intends to develop in India a new car less expensive than compact Pulse, its latest launch date in the Indian market, but at a price significantly higher than the ultra low cost segment.

In its edition of Wednesday, the Tribune reported that Detourbet Gerard, head of the range low-cost Dacia Renault will take the leadership in January of a joint team to the alliance with Nissan in charge of developing a new vehicle in India for emerging countries.

A spokeswoman for Renault confirmed this information, while stressing that the price of the vehicle would be "significantly higher" in 2500 euros raised by the business daily.With its partner Nissan, the group is now seeking to attract the middle class first in the country by launching products in the mid-range and higher, before proposing then vehicles more attractive prices.

Before the Pulse, scheduled for 2012, Renault has launched this year in India Fluence sedan and 4×4 Koleos.

The proposed ultra low cost car, announced in 2008 by the CEO of Renault-Nissan at a price of 2,500 dollars (1,900 euros), for its part has still not been completed when he initially was to be launched early this year , raising doubts about its viability.

Today, the alliance gives more timing and waits for Bajaj Auto, in charge of development of the car, he presented his platform before deciding whether to give it a more industrial.

Zodiac Aerospace announced Tuesday the results slightly exceeded expectations in 2010-2011 thanks to the growth of the aerospace market and said it expected further improvement in profitability and activity for the current year.

The aerospace equipment anticipates organic growth of 20% of its turnover for the first quarter (September-November) and in the longer term, expects to exceed its growth target of 40% of its turnover on three years, excluding the impact of foreign exchange.

Zodiac has emerged on the fiscal year ended in late August an operating margin of 14.0% – it was a rate higher than 13% – against 11.2% in 2009-2010, with an operating profit of 385.7 million, an increase of 60.4%.

Already stung by the latest developments in euro area markets have also been faced with the announcement of a further slowdown in manufacturing activity in China and the United States has accentuated the negative sentiment in the markets.

More than 68,000 passengers affected by the strike at Qantas

Australian Prime Minister Julia Gillard has asked Qantas unions to end their claim as the strike of the airline has reached over 68,000 passengers.

Julia Gillard, criticized for not having intervened earlier in this dispute, asked the court ruling in Melbourne this type of case to end as soon as possible to the strike.

"We have taken this action (going to court) because we are worried about the impact on the economy," said the head of the Australian Government.

The strike comes at a worse time for the Australian Government, the Commonwealth summit being held in Perth.Seventeen officers were invited to travel on Qantas aircraft Sunday.

Saturday, the airline has grounded more than one hundred aircraft and canceled 447 flights. The strike comes during a weekend of the busiest of the year in Australia in terms of air transport, in part because of a very popular horse race, the Melbourne Cup horse, which takes place Tuesday and attracts tens of thousands of people.

The unions are demanding salary increases and improved working conditions, and challenge the strategy of the company to focus its international activities in the Asia-Pacific region. The company management wants it removed through a thousand jobs.

Death is expensive in France

Bury or cremate their dead costs on average 3,000 euros, according to a survey of the UFC-Que Choisir. The difference between the cheapest quote (1300 euros) and the most expensive (6100 euros) shows that competition is not enough. Cemetery of Pantin, near Paris

Bury or cremate their dead is a complex and costly journey to the consumer who must deal with often exorbitant prices and specifications are difficult to obtain or abuse in an industry where competition is not. The cost of the passage from life to death can be multiplied by five, depending on the selected services and burial.A survey of UFC, released Tuesday, provides a range of 1300-6101 euros between the cheapest quotes and the highest, at an average cost of 3098 euros, almost equivalent to a burial or cremation.

These differences show that the competition is not enough, and especially since customers weakened by grief often accepts the estimate prepared by the provider first met. "Play competition, even in the case of death, it's not butt, although some operators do not hesitate to make this argument vicious" to corner the families to pay a high price, told the AFP Alain Bazot, president of the association.The "first condition" of healthy competition, he says, is a quote "transparent and legible for comparing and sorting" between mandatory services and plenty of optional services (flowers, toiletries, conservation , dressing, porters etc. ..) always available.

The price of the coffin varies from 950 to 1300 euros, care to the deceased from 90 to 150, the burial chamber from 250 to 400, and administrative procedures handled by the operator 110 to 263 euros. However, the benefits required by law, can be summarized in a coffin 22 mm – 18 mm for a cremation – a mechanical seal, four handles, an identification plate, and a vehicle authorized to transport the deceased.

Reinvigorate competition

A ministerial order intended to force since August 2010 funeral operators to establish transparent and legible quote, did not provide a satisfactory answer, according to Mr.Bazot: 97% of estimates collected by UFC does not conform to the regulatory model, 39% only partially meet the criteria, and 18% of 997 shops visited refused burial to establish a personalized quote. The constraint can not be effective if accompanied by sanctions, and this, according to Bazot, the Directorate General for Competition (DGCCRF) must become a "deterrent" in imposing penalties financial.

DGCCRF objected that "this is the field establishing PV" including crimes (in case of deception on benefits). Paid for justice to follow. DGCCRF also conducts investigations "to identify more discrete agreements between operators or abuse of dominant position". For in this local market, franchisees and independents, too often only locally, abuse of that exclusivity.

"There are ways to enhance certain operators and avoid the ill will of others," says Bazot proposing to inform consumers through brochures available in hospitals, nursing homes, and town halls. "It's not revolutionary, he says, but it can revitalize the competition."

Are we really rich with 6000 euros per month?

For the French, a person is rich if its income reached 6,308 euros per month. This is six times less than the threshold set by the government for the implementation of the future tax on the rich.

What a rich? As defined by the Oxford, Cambridge, is a person who has "a relatively large amount of money." The French have a much more accurate definition of wealth. For them, on average, a person may be considered "rich" when its income reached 6,308 euros per month, according to a poll published in the Journal Ifop Sunday. Two-thirds (66%) of respondents, a person is rich when it gains between 2000 and 5000 euros per month.

These figures are the wealth to 5 or 6 times the monthly poverty threshold (954 euros net per month).They are mostly in line with the scale of income tax: the marginal tax rate (the top rate of income set at 41%) apply from 70 830 euros per year, or 5900 euros monthly.

This perception of wealth of the French is in any case far from the government. Tax the rich announced in late August by the Government to fight against the deficit, a key measure of the budget in 2012, provides for taxing income at 3% tax above 500,000 euros per unit per year, or 41,666 euros per month. Parliamentarians should, however, as part of the budget vote in the Assembly in October and November in the Senate, lowering the threshold to 250,000 euros or 20,833 euros per month.

In the first case, the tax affects 10,000 homes. In the second, 25 000 households.Which corresponds to only 0.01% of the French richest, according to Insee, while 10% receive an average income of around 6000 euros per month threshold at which the French are wealth.

GDF Suez to Eni sells a share in the fields in the North Sea

GDF Suez said on Wednesday an agreement with Eni to sell to the Italian group's 10.4% indirect interest in the gas fields of Elgin-Franklin in the UK North Sea for 590 million euros.

This is part of its program to sell 10 billion euros, said the French energy company in a statement.

Participation in question is owned through the company EFOG, a joint venture between GDF Suez (22.5%) and Total (77.5%), which itself holds 46.2% of Elgin-Franklin field.In 2010, these assets accounted for 5.5 million barrels of oil equivalent in natural gas production and hydrocarbon GDF Suez.

The transaction is expected to close by the end of 2011, said the French group.

Around 9:30, the action GDF Suez was almost unchanged at 22.52 euros while the CAC 40 gave 0.29%.

Trichet sees risks to financial stability

Risks to financial stability have increased dramatically, said Friday the president of the European Central Bank Jean-Claude Trichet, asking the authorities to act decisively to stem the current problems.

"The risks to financial stability in the EU have increased significantly," said the chairman of the central bank in the euro area in a speech to the Bretton Woods Committee.

"In recent months, the stress of increased sovereign smaller economies to larger economies of the EU," he said.

Jean-Claude Trichet also said:

Resolute action is required from all authorities, we need a rapid implementation of decisions taken on July 21

authorities should take advantage of the option EFSF lending to governments to recapitalize banks

should modify the treaty to allow EU decision-making power in the event of threats to the eurozone

The ECB stands ready to provide unlimited liquidity, currently, provides up to three months.

More women work, they are more children

Contrary to popular belief, fertility is higher in countries where the participation rate of women is high. When the wife works, the household can more easily provide the extra cost to the arrival of a child.

Contrary to popular belief, most women work, more fertility is high, say demographers at the National Institute of Demographic Studies (INED) in a study published Thursday. "Fertility [the number of children per woman of childbearing age, note] has decreased significantly in all OECD countries between 1960 and 2008 to be below the replacement level of generations of 2.1 children per woman, "the researchers write in their investigation of the relationship between births and economic progress in rich countries.

However, "there is decreased until after 1995, fertility has been slightly increased back in a majority of countries," they said."In all OECD countries, it rose by an average of 1.69 children [by women] in 1995 to 1.71 in 2008," a "rebound particularly marked in Spain, France, Belgium, United Kingdom and Ireland. "

Additional revenue needed for the arrival of a child

The researchers first examined the relationship between fertility and wealth, and observed "an increase in fertility when the level of economic progress, from a per capita GDP of about $ 30,000." But the link does not work for all countries, Scandinavia and Anglo-Saxon, and of France with such "a much higher fertility than expected given their GDP.""Differences in GDP per capita does not suffice to explain differences in fertility of one country to another," conclude the demographers.

By cons, "in most of the richest countries, the rise in fertility is associated with a high employment rate among women," they said.In particular, "the possibility for them to balance work and family is seen as a key rebound in fertility." Thus, if "the relatively early stages of development" of a country, women can postpone childbearing because they are more and more studies, thereby lowering fertility, "At some point, if the woman works, the additional income it brings to the household secures its economic situation and makes the extra cost to the arrival of an additional child support ", says the study, which also refers to" any help provided by the state s' there is a family policy. "