Berlin to a growth pact, but its conditions

The German Minister for Foreign Affairs presented a Friday "Growth Pact" European six-point, while reiterating that Greece should comply with its commitments to fiscal reforms TARY if she would qualify for financial assistance from the euro area and not be excluded from it.

"In Europe, we also want to focus more on growth," said Guido Westerwelle before the German deputies in the Bundestag.

The minister was however opposed to increased spending, saying the pact for growth, particularly desired by the new French president Francois Hollande, was not to imply that " better use of resources "from the EU. 

Guido Westerwelle city "trips financed by Europe in the romantic hotel spas" as an example of waste in Europe.

The minister said the EU should invest 80 billion euros of unused structural funds in projects aimed at stimulating growth and competitiveness.

He also wanted to push the European Central Bank (ECB) to provide better access to credit for small and medium enterprises.

The former head of the liberal FDP, which form a coalition with the Christian Democrats (CDU / CSU) Chancellor Angela Merkel, European growth was linked to a liberal ralisation of domestic and foreign markets. 

Francois Hollande Angela Merkel will meet Tuesday, hours after his inauguration, to discuss the crisis in the euro area and the measures needed to stimulate growth in Europe presqu'entiè ; LY dive into recession – with the notable exception of Germany.

This will be their first face to face interview, while Angela Merkel has avoided meeting Francois Hollande during the presidential campaign, where she supported his opponent Nicolas Sarkozy.

Peter Bofinger, one of five "wise men" who advise the German government on the economy, has also decided Friday to allow more room for countries suffering from the debt crisis. 

"The problem countries kill themselves to save," he told an Austrian newspaper. "We must stop this, even if deficits rise in the short term."

Greece: austerity censored, neo-Nazis to Parliament

Both sides pro-austerity Greek PASOK and New Democracy, who ruled together in a coalition since November 2011 collapsed in parliamentary elections this Sunday. The country is on the brink of ungovernability. Winner of the poll, the small party of the extreme radical left, Syriza, led by Alexis Tspiras, becomes the second largest party in Greece.

The austerity policy conducted in Greece for two years under pressure from international donors in the country was heavily censored Sunday by voters who sprayed the positions of both parties proponents of strict neo-Nazis and sent to parliament.

New Democracy (right), one of two parties with the PASOK socialist who signed with the European Union a commitment to continue the policy of austerity and reform, has become, as expected, the first party of Greece. But his score historically low, between 17 and 20% of the vote, should make the creation of a stable government impossible, according to preliminary comments.

The austerity censored

PASOK (Socialist), whose former boss George Papandreou had sought a loan from the European Union and the International Monetary Fund in May 2010, rolled out of the poll, with a score between 14 and 17% against 43.9% in 2009, punished for having accepted the terms of drastic austerity attached to aid.

In total, the two parties that formed the pillars of the Greek party system since the fall of the colonels' dictatorship in 1974, do not even reach the 37% needed for a majority of parliamentary seats (151), which bodes ill for opportunity to continue the current policy. "It is a political earthquake that strikes the government parties," said the chain Mega, Panos Panagiotopoulos, a tenor of the New Democracy, the conservative party claiming the top spot. The leader of PASOK, Evangelos Venizelos, who negotiated over the past months the agreement to erase debt and the second international aid plan in the country, acknowledged Sunday night that the formation of a national unity government pro-European, he has expressed its wish to take the country out of the impasse would be "difficult".

The radical left party Syriza, winner of the elections

Winner of the poll, the small party of the extreme radical left, Syriza, led by Alexis Tspiras, becomes the second largest party in Greece, with a score between 15.5 and 17.5% instead of 4.6% in in 2009.  

First surprised by the ras-tidal, activists gathered at party headquarters have not posted too noisy joy, puzzlement and questions about the future of the country appears to the fore the concerns of activists, according to a photographer at the scene. The party requesting the suspension of debt service, deletion of part of the public debt, adding a clause pro-growth in the memorandum.

Officially it does not demand the release of the euro in Greece, PASOK but during the campaign has often been accused of being the party of the output of the euro. In terms of seats, the conservative New Democracy would win 108 seats, PASOK and 38, face two disparate blocks left and right of rejecting austerity. The party of the radical left Syriza get 47 seats. The campaign was dominated by the challenge to the austerity policies conducted under the leadership of donor countries.

9.8 million voters

Approximately 9.8 million Greek voters voted Sunday to renew Parliament in an election dominated by the implosion of the old two-party political system and, at the risk of challenging the recovery efforts of countries within the euro area . Under the Constitution, the mandate to find an alliance government is first given to the leading party, before moving on failure to include two, within a period of ten days.

Illustrating the exceptional climate that prevailed throughout the campaign, thirty neo-Nazis broke into Athenian six polling stations during the day, where they have engaged in intimidation against leftist activists, along the minor party far left Antarsya. Police confirmed two incidents, attributed to the small group Chryssi Avghi (Golden Dawn), which entered parliament for the first time in modern history of the country, having obtained between 6 and 8% of the vote according to exit poll .

This neo-Nazi party, long semi-clandestine and known for its attacks against migrants, denounced the MoU signed by Greece with its creditors, and refused repayment of public debt. Entered parliament as a shock in a country that has suffered severely the yoke of Nazi occupation and a military dictatorship from 1967 to 1974.

Aer Lingus plays cautiously by paying its first dividend

The Irish carrier Aer Lingus announced Friday it would pay the first dividend in its history as a listed company, but its amount has not been enthusiastically received by investors who expected much more.

Entered the stock market in 2006, the airline announced in July the payment of an ordinary dividend of 3 pence per share in the wake of the release by the group improved its re results.

In total, the group will restore a total of 15.9 million euros.

However, he ruled out any possibility of paying a special dividend, as it did before its competitors Ryanair and EasyJet. 

The financial director of Ryanair, Aer Lingus' biggest shareholder, has welcomed the announcement of a payment, while calling it "pathetic", arguing that a combination of 50 million euros have been ; more appropriate to the billion euros in cash for which the carrier is sitting.

"If we were at Christmas, I would call stingy," said Howard Millar.

Some analysts said that shareholders might be disappointed, but justify the cautious attitude of Aer Lingus in the context of uncertainty that surrounds it.

Pierre & Vacances suffers suffers electoral calendar

Pierre & Vacances said Thursday that its summer bookings were marked by a phenomenon linked to a wait for Uncertain but also schedule e lectoral French. 

The group specializes in the operation of leisure residences said they adapted accordingly its communication strategy by focusing on short-term and shifting from May to June most its shares trade on summer vacation

To this day, "activity is slightly above last year during the months of April and May, with last minute bookings significant," reads said in a statement

For the second quarter of fiscal year 2011-2012, Pierre & Vacances has published a turnover up 4% on a comparable supported by its activity in property development. 

Over this period, they stand at 304.3 million euros, of which 250.9 million euros in tourism (-0.7%) and 53.4 million (+34%) in the de real estate development

For the full year 2011-2012, the company expects a turnover level of real estate "around 300 million euros".

The action Pierre & Vacances closed Thursday at 21.66 euros (-1.46%) it transferred 15.46% since the beginning of the year after a fall of 57.57% last year.

The price war moves lines, mass dismissals

French consumers' purchasing power stagnant or even declining, leave no alternative: the price war is declared over and intensifies, leading to casualties until the hushed offices s branches.

Treasurers and volatile, consumers hunt for bargains, not hesitating to visit several stores or surfing the net to find the best prices.

"Consumers are facing a first tightening of tax and price increases, wage freezes, not to mention the consequences of rising unemployment which lead them to save by cutting their defi ; think, "explains Alexander Mirlicourtois, an economist at the institute Xerfi. 

"In this context of zero-sum game where everything that is earned by some is lost by the other, the short-term strategies of both producers and distributors are very constraints and go through domination by prices and costs, "he adds.

"This is illustrated by the arrival of Free Mobile."

Frank Esser, head of the mobile operator SFR, which contributes 40% to operating income of its parent company Vivendi, has been sacked for not much anticipated the arrival of Free (Iliad).

This is the latest example. In large groups with the French market still represents a significant portion of revenues and profits, it is not good to be in charge of France.

At Carrefour, the replacement in May of the Executive Director for France did not allow the CEO of leading food retailer in France to save his head and Lars Olofsson will leave in June.

Earlier this year, PSA Peugeot-Citroen, whose market share of passenger cars in France fell in 2011, appointed his finance director Frederic Saint-Geours at the head of the management of brands.

POWER AND WANTING TO BUY

"Households have a strong feeling of restriction. They are bombarded with commercial offerings and have the desire to consume, but they feel very strongly that their purchasing power is not up to their 'will to purchase ", said Franck Lehuédé, Department of Consumer Research Centre for the Study and Observation of Living Conditions (Credoc)

……. .. "They make choices, and the first sector they highlight is the recreation and communication. There is a generation effect: even in times of crisis these areas remain safe havens, "he continues

……. .. "Health is another area that goes well the crisis. In an aging society, crisis or not, health spending increases. "

We must also consider spending constraints , some such as housing and energy soared, pushing consumers to restrict all others, especially the equipment housing, automotive, clothing and even food

. In the car, which has largely lost its role as a social marker, the price war is raging in particular small cars entered e range. This segment, which has benefited most from the scrappage scheme, is struggling since the demise of a measure which, in turn, has used drivers at prices even lower.

Household spending in textile-leather were down 5.6% yoy at end-January, according to INSEE.

In food, arbitrations are equally radical. The sector experienced in 2008 and 2009 two consecutive years of decline, the most since World War II. In 2011, these expenditures have stagnated in volume.

"If households do not necessarily consume less in volume, they consume less," notes Franck Lehuédé.

Carrefour, which France represents 43% of turnover and 39.5% of operating income, failed to divest itself of an image of higher price s that some competitors, and sees the market share of its hypermarkets erode steadily.

ABOVE THE INDEPENDENT

Food service, at the confluence of entertainment and food, is symptomatic breaks imposed by the price dynamics with purchasing power at half-mast. The concentration of the industry structured around clusters, chains and brands, will continue.

Independent restaurants with fewer than three employees, representing 60% of institutions-have seen their market share in the turnover of the sector from 30% in 1994 to less than 20% in 2007 and 2020 groups will distribute 45% of meals provided against 38% in 2007, according to research firm Eurogroup presented March 20 by the National Union of ho ; i-bays, restaurants, cafes and caterers (Synhorcat).

"When consumption is down, there is no other choice but to take customers to the competition through a strategy of capturing market share with a continuous expansion of networks distribution, "Alexander Mirlicourtois analysis. "The price war is no thank you and independents will be the main victims in 2012."

If the market is already locked by major retailers, the development is done either by transfer of a sign shop to another, like the 46 Carrefour stores recently spent ; s the flag-U system, whether by merger to the image network of garden centers and Pollen Villaverde who have come together to give birth to a group uniting 185 stores, now the fifth player in the sector.

The same logic was the end of 2010 the approximation of jewelers Histoire d'Or and Marc Orian, who formed a network of over 500 stores under six banners, high of 370 million euros of turnover. 

When the market is not locked or not, the chains held in place their denser mesh and open new stores. This allows them to have an additional strike force with their suppliers to drive prices down and capture the business of the independents.

But "low prices all year need to go deeper into offshoring, to pressurize perpetual sub-contractors, as soon as possible to substitute skilled jobs by unskilled jobs, "notes Alexander Mirlicourtois.

"If, initially, the price decline is pleasing to consumers, deflation is a deadly poison, it's a vicious cycle that becomes self-sustaining and that destroys the value of all goods than that of labor. "

Casino has sued the Galeries Lafayette on Monoprix

Casino confirmed Tuesday it had sued the Galeries Lafayette and their representatives on the board of Monoprix, a joint venture at the center of a conflict between the two groups.

This new episode of the standoff between the legal and financial concerns the two distributors one-year extension, from 1 April, the mandate of the President of Monoprix Philippe Houze, then he should initially return to Jean-Charles Naouri, CEO of Casino.

"Casino confirms having issued a subpoena last week to the Commercial Court of Paris Galeries Lafayette, Philippe Houze, Ginette Moulin (Chairman of the Supervisory Board of Galeries Lafayette and whose family controls the group-ed) and Philippe Lemoine (Monoprix administrator) ", says one in Casino. 

"The objective is to obtain compliance with the agreements between Galeries Lafayette and Casino Casino which provide that holds the Presidency of Monoprix from 31 March 2012."

Casino and Galeries Lafayette, each holding half the capital of Monoprix, put in the public last month their disagreement on the valuation of the sign.

Under a memorandum of agreement between them, the Galeries Lafayette can exercise since January 1 of an option to purchase their shares. But the two sides differ on the value thereof and the Galeries Lafayette assigned Casino courts on this part of the file.

In late February, Jean-Charles Naouri ruled that the climate was "not conducive" to discussions between the parties and said he was ready to assert the rights of his group.

Casino estimates the value of the participation of Galeries Lafayette to 700 million euros while the department stores the value to 1.95 billion.

Chemistry weigh on profits of Bayer in Q4

The benefits of Bayer, the first German manufacturer of drugs, emerged below expectations in the fourth quarter 2011 due to disappointing sales in its chemicals division, and the group has demonstrated caution for this year.

MaterialScience division, the world of polymer foams and polycarbonate for automotive glazing, has seen its quarterly results adjusted to fall by 64%, price increases were not sufficient to offset the higher commodity prices.

Bayer said it expected a significant rebound performance at MaterialScience in the first quarter of this year over last in 2011 but they reach their previous level. 

For 2012, Bayer expects a slight increase in its adjusted EBITDA, with an increase of about 3% of sales excluding currency effects and acquisitions, taking advantage of a rebound expected in the second half thanks to emerging markets.

The group sees the other hand, a real growth in 2013, both for its sales to its adjusted EBITDA.

His four most promising molecules, foremost among them the anticoagulant Xarelto, have a potential combined turnover of around EUR 5 billion, he said. But this potential, however, should not be felt this year.

In the fourth quarter 2011, EBITDA (EBITDA) adjusted fell 8.8% to 1.54 billion euros, while analysts polled by Reuters had forecast average 1.62 billion.

Quarterly net income stood at 397 million euros, while the consensus was 479 million, and revenue was 9.19 billion euros, against 9.114 billion expected.

These ads Bayer contrast with those of its competitor BASF, which surprised investors last week by his decidedly optimistic tone for 2012.

In exchange, the action Bayer yielded 0.8% to 55.45 euros at 1130 GMT, underperforming the European sector index to chemicals (0.1%). BASF took title to 0.6% 66.23 euros.

According to a survey, less than a third of French say they are willing to buy the French public debt. And you, would you be willing to lend to the state? Do you have confidence in his ability to repay? It goes from 8.86 to 9 euros gross time to reach 1,365 euros for 35 hours, or about 1,073 euros net per month.

Less than a third of French say they probably or definitely willing to buy the French public debt if they were given the opportunity, according to a Harris poll for the site information and the agency Jolpress Image & Strategy to be published Tuesday in the Tribune . Only 6% of French people would buy "certainly" the debt of the country at rates comparable to those charged by banks, and 24% would buy "probably" of such bonds, said the survey.

Conversely, 65% of French people would not buy "definitely not" (34%) or "probably not" (31%) of French debt. Two countries, Italy and Belgium have recently suggested to individuals to buy government bonds, and these operations have been successful. The "day Treasury bills", during which the Italians were called Monday to buy the debt of the country, met a great success, while in Belgium, the government launched Thursday a government bond which has was well received by individuals.

In addition, a majority (56%) of the French believed that the acquisition by the European Central Bank (ECB), a significant portion of the debts of the states of the euro area would reduce speculation in debt. But 56% believe that it would deter states to make real efforts to reduce their deficits and 53% that it could foster inflation.

France and Germany step up their thoughts on a radical redefinition of the euro zone to force an economic, fiscal and tax in the short term and without necessarily the case of a slow and tedious review of the European treaties.

Paris and Berlin have agreed this week to propose by December 9 – when the next European summit – an ambitious reform of the Lisbon Treaty, but behind the scenes, preparations are being made around the tool more flexible and easily activated, as an intergovernmental treaty outside the community or a bilateral Franco-German if members of the euro area do not follow.

The second is to adopt a purely bilateral approach by including in the ongoing revision of the Franco-German Elysée in 1963 a high degree of harmonization in fiscal and social law.

The advantage of this approach is twofold for France and Germany. First, it allows to circumvent the unanimity required for a revision in formal treaties.

On the other hand, it places the responsibility to recalcitrant countries. This is particularly true of Great Britain who wanted to use the exercise to repatriate a number of powers to London.

CRISIS PLAN

Officially, the goal of Berlin is to obtain a limited revision of Article 126 of the Treaty of Lisbon on the Stability and Growth Pact.

Carrefour Friday categorically denied press reports suggesting a possible change at the head of the group.

Le Figaro wrote that the main shareholders of the supermarket group, funds Colony Capital and Groupe Arnault, have courted Plassat George, the patron of the group distribution of shoes and clothing Vivarte to replace the current CEO Lars Olofsson.

"Faced with rumors successive change of any officer of Carrefour, the Board of Directors of the Company expressly disclaims any information on this release," the group said in a statement.

No one was immediately available from Colony Capital and Groupe Arnault to comment.

Source familiar with the matter, it tells Reuters that George Plassat has been approached by the shareholders of Carrefour to take the CEO of the group but he refused the proposal this month.

"It has been proposed and he said 'no'. It was during November," said the source.

"There is still no candidate to succeed Lars Olofsson," she added.

According to Le Figaro on Friday, the board gave Lars Olofsson to the end of the year to prove itself, especially in terms of achievement of financial targets for 2011.

"(Georges Plassat) is courted for months by the main shareholders of Carrefour.